라즈베리파이 OpenCV 설치 오류

필자는 라즈베리파이에 OpenCV를 설치하는데 아래와 같은 과정에서 무한 로딩이 걸렸다. 참고로 venv 환경에서 설치했다는 점 참고 바란다.

[실행 명령어]

pip install opencv-python --verbose

[결과]

 

 -- Installing: /tmp/pip-install-7uox8u2t/opencv-python_3ce88f90b57a4aa8acdd9b7078005796/_skbuild/linux-aarch64-3.11/cmake-install/share/opencv4/lbpcascades/lbpcascade_silverware.xml
  Copying files from CMake output
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/cv_test/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
      main()
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/cv_test/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 335, in main
      json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/cv_test/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 251, in build_wheel
      return _build_backend().build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings,
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-hnhbs9gh/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 230, in build_wheel
      return self._build_with_temp_dir(['bdist_wheel'], '.whl',
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-hnhbs9gh/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 215, in _build_with_temp_dir
      self.run_setup()
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-hnhbs9gh/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 158, in run_setup
      exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
    File "setup.py", line 541, in <module>
      main()
    File "setup.py", line 270, in main
      setup(
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-hnhbs9gh/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 700, in setup
      _classify_installed_files(
    File "setup.py", line 415, in _classify_installed_files_override
      with open(config_py, 'w') as opencv_init_config:
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '_skbuild/linux-aarch64-3.11/cmake-install/python/cv2/config-3.py'
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for opencv-python (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> See above for output.
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  full command: /home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/cv_test/bin/python3 /home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/cv_test/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmp3246pkvq
  cwd: /tmp/pip-install-7uox8u2t/opencv-python_3ce88f90b57a4aa8acdd9b7078005796
  Building wheel for opencv-python (pyproject.toml) ... error
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for opencv-python
Failed to build opencv-python
ERROR: Could not build wheels for opencv-python, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

위와 같은 결과가 나타나서 다른 해결 방법을 찾아보았다. 

 

GUI가 없는 경량화된 모듈이 있다길래 설치를 시도해보았다. 

pip install opencv-python-headless --verbose

시도했으나 아래와 같은 오류가 발생했다.

 -- Installing: /tmp/pip-install-f3nls5wy/opencv-python-headless_006cbd12feb045719a9f691c8192e3a8/_skbuild/linux-aarch64-3.11/cmake-install/share/opencv4/lbpcascades/lbpcascade_silverware.xml
  Copying files from CMake output
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 389, in <module>
      main()
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 373, in main
      json_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"])
                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 280, in build_wheel
      return _build_backend().build_wheel(
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-446px02n/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 230, in build_wheel
      return self._build_with_temp_dir(['bdist_wheel'], '.whl',
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-446px02n/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 215, in _build_with_temp_dir
      self.run_setup()
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-446px02n/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 158, in run_setup
      exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
    File "setup.py", line 541, in <module>
      main()
    File "setup.py", line 270, in main
      setup(
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-446px02n/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 700, in setup
      _classify_installed_files(
    File "setup.py", line 415, in _classify_installed_files_override
      with open(config_py, 'w') as opencv_init_config:
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '_skbuild/linux-aarch64-3.11/cmake-install/python/cv2/config-3.py'
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for opencv-python-headless (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> See above for output.
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  full command: /home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/bin/python /home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmpe8ookyam
  cwd: /tmp/pip-install-f3nls5wy/opencv-python-headless_006cbd12feb045719a9f691c8192e3a8
  Building wheel for opencv-python-headless (pyproject.toml) ... error
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for opencv-python-headless
Failed to build opencv-python-headless
ERROR: Failed to build installable wheels for some pyproject.toml based projects (opencv-python-headless)

결국 이 방법도 통하지 않길래, 다른 방법을 GPT에게 도움을 얻어 찾아보았다.

그 결과 직접 Github에서 opencv 소스파일을 다운 받아, 직접 빌드하는 방법이었다. 

직접 Github에서 소스파일을 받아 빌드하는 방법

# OpenCV 소스 코드 다운로드:
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
cd opencv
git checkout 4.x  # 또는 원하는 버전

# OpenCV 의존성 설치: 
sudo apt install cmake g++ wget unzip

# OpenCV 빌드:
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make -j4
sudo make install

# Python 바인딩 설치: OpenCV를 Python에서 사용하려면 Python 바인딩을 추가로 설치해야 합니다:
cd ~
cd opencv
cd build
sudo make install

>>  OpenCV 빌드 도중 make -j4 명령어 실행 도중 라즈베리파이가 멈추는 오류가 발생하였습니다..

아래와 같은 명령어를 입력했을 때도 같은 오류가 발생하였다..

pip install opencv-contrib-python --verbose

  -- Installing: /tmp/pip-install-izi675zu/opencv-contrib-python_2bd7e99e16864368b93778e569acb4be/_skbuild/linux-aarch64-3.11/cmake-install/share/opencv4/lbpcascades/lbpcascade_silverware.xml
  Copying files from CMake output
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 389, in <module>
      main()
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 373, in main
      json_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"])
                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 280, in build_wheel
      return _build_backend().build_wheel(
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-1nbh2o6g/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 230, in build_wheel
      return self._build_with_temp_dir(['bdist_wheel'], '.whl',
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-1nbh2o6g/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 215, in _build_with_temp_dir
      self.run_setup()
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-1nbh2o6g/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 158, in run_setup
      exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
    File "setup.py", line 541, in <module>
      main()
    File "setup.py", line 270, in main
      setup(
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-1nbh2o6g/overlay/lib/python3.11/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 700, in setup
      _classify_installed_files(
    File "setup.py", line 415, in _classify_installed_files_override
      with open(config_py, 'w') as opencv_init_config:
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '_skbuild/linux-aarch64-3.11/cmake-install/python/cv2/config-3.py'
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  횞 Building wheel for opencv-contrib-python (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  ??exit code: 1
  ?겸?> See above for output.
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  full command: /home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/bin/python /home/gg065/Desktop/jiwanseo/venv/jiwan/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmp1rfgk__m
  cwd: /tmp/pip-install-izi675zu/opencv-contrib-python_2bd7e99e16864368b93778e569acb4be
  Building wheel for opencv-contrib-python (pyproject.toml) ... error
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for opencv-contrib-python
Failed to build opencv-contrib-python
ERROR: Failed to build installable wheels for some pyproject.toml based projects (opencv-contrib-python)

이 게시물은 필자가 opencv 설치를 완료할 때까지 계속 수정하도록 하겠습니다.

참고 사이트:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73698418/building-wheel-for-opencv-python-keeps-running-for-a-very-long-time

OpenCV Python Installation for Raspberry Pi – Single Board Blog

Learn Robotics Programming 2nd Edition - update for installing OpenCV and Numpy | Orionrobots - Learn to build robots at home

opencv-python 설치 시 오류 (Could not build wheels for opencv-python which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly)

https://www.orionrobots.co.uk/2024/02/20/installing-opencv-and-numpy-learnrobotics.html 

Install OpenCV on Raspberry Pi - Q-engineering Install OpenCV on Raspberry Pi - Q-engineering